中文
21100 – 物理学家和天文学家
物理学家进行理论和应用研究,以扩展自然现象的知识,并在电子、通信、发电和配电、空气动力学、光学和激光、遥感、生物技术、医学和健康等领域开发新的过程和设备。他们受雇于电子、电气和航空航天制造公司、电信公司、电力公司、大学和政府研究实验室、医院以及范围广泛的其他加工、制造、研究和咨询公司。天文学家进行观测和理论研究以扩展对宇宙的了解。他们受雇于政府和大学。
标题索引
- 声学物理学家
- 空气动力学家
- 航空物理学家
- 航天研究科学家
- 天文学家
- 天体物理学家
- 大气物理学家
- 生物物理学家
- 化学物理学家
- 通信研究科学家
- 宇宙射线物理学家
- 宇宙学家
- 低温物理学家
- 晶体物理学家
- 电磁物理学家
- 电子物理学家
- 电子研究科学家
- 基本粒子物理学家
- 基本粒子理论家
- 实验物理学家
- 流体物理学家
- 健康物理学家
- 高温物理学家
- 激光物理学家
- 低温物理学家
- 磁物理学家
- 数学生物物理学家
- 力学物理学家
- 医学生物物理学家
- 医学工程生物物理学家
- 医学物理学家
- 金属物理学家
- 计量师
- 微波物理学家
- 分子生物物理学家
- 纳米技术物理学家
- 核物理学家
- 核反应堆物理学家
- 光学物理学家
- 粒子加速器物理学家
- 粒子物理学家
- 光子物理学家
- 物理学家
- 物理研究科学家
- 等离子物理学家
- 辐射生物物理学家
- 射电天文学家
- 反应堆物理学家
- 遥感研究科学家
- 流变学家
- 半导体物理学家
- 固态物理学家
- 太空物理学家
- 理论核物理学家
- 热物理学家
- X射线物理学家
主要职责
该小组履行以下部分或全部职责:
物理学家
- 设计和进行实验和理论物理研究
- 对研究数据进行分析并准备研究报告
- 作为研究或开发团队的成员参与实验、工业或医疗设备、仪器和程序的设计和开发。
天文学家
- 设计和进行观测调查,进行详细分析并开发数值模型以扩展对天体和宇宙辐射的了解
- 研制或参与研制天文观测分析仪器和软件。
就业要求
- 物理学家通常需要物理学、工程物理学或相关学科领域的硕士或博士学位。
- 天文学家通常需要天文学或相关学科的硕士或博士学位。
附加信息
- 天文学家可能专注于天体物理学、观测或光学天文学和射电天文学等领域。
- 随着经验的积累,物理学和天文学专业之间的流动性是可能的。
- 流动到气象学、地球物理学和其他科学领域是可能的。
- 物理学家可能专注于以下领域:大气和空间、声学、原子和分子物理学、生物物理学、凝聚态或固态物理学、电磁学、流体和空气动力学、健康物理学、医学物理学、计量学、粒子物理学、光学和激光物理学、核能物理学和等离子体物理学。
- 物理学家可以与工程师密切合作并履行工程师的某些职责。
- 随着经验的积累,可能晋升到管理职位。
排除
- 建筑和科学经理 ( 20011)
- 计算机工程师(软件工程师和设计师除外)(21311)
- 地球物理学家;物理海洋学家(在21102 地球科学家和海洋学家中)
English
21100 – Physicists and astronomers
Physicists conduct theoretical and applied research to extend knowledge of natural phenomena and to develop new processes and devices in fields such as electronics, communications, power generation and distribution, aerodynamics, optics and lasers, remote sensing, biotechnology, medicine and health. They are employed by electronic, electrical and aerospace manufacturing companies, telecommunications companies, power utilities, university and government research laboratories, hospitals and by a wide range of other processing, manufacturing, and research and consulting firms. Astronomers conduct observational and theoretical research to extend knowledge of the universe. They are employed by government and universities.
Index of titles
- Acoustics physicist
- Aerodynamicist
- Aerophysicist
- Aerospace research scientist
- Astronomer
- Astrophysicist
- Atmospheric physicist
- Biophysicist
- Chemical physicist
- Communications research scientist
- Cosmic ray physicist
- Cosmologist
- Cryogenics physicist
- Crystal physicist
- Electricity and magnetism physicist
- Electronics physicist
- Electronics research scientist
- Elementary particle physicist
- Elementary particle theorist
- Experimental physicist
- Fluid physicist
- Health physicist
- High-temperature physicist
- Laser physicist
- Low-temperature physicist
- Magnetism physicist
- Mathematical biophysicist
- Mechanics physicist
- Medical biophysicist
- Medical engineering biophysicist
- Medical physicist
- Metal physicist
- Metrologist
- Microwave physicist
- Molecular biophysicist
- Nanotechnology physicist
- Nuclear physicist
- Nuclear reactor physicist
- Optics physicist
- Particle accelerator physicist
- Particle physicist
- Photonics physicist
- Physicist
- Physics research scientist
- Plasma physicist
- Radiation biophysicist
- Radio astronomer
- Reactor physicist
- Remote sensing research scientist
- Rheologist
- Semiconductor physicist
- Solid-state physicist
- Space physicist
- Theoretical nuclear physicist
- Thermal physicist
- X-ray physicist
Main duties
This group performs some or all of the following duties:
Physicists
- Design and conduct research in experimental and theoretical physics
- Carry out analysis of research data and prepare research reports
- Participate as a member of a research or development team in the design and development of experimental, industrial or medical equipment, instrumentation and procedures.
Astronomers
- Design and conduct observational surveys, conduct detailed analyses and develop numerical models to extend knowledge of celestial bodies and cosmic radiation
- Develop or participate in the development of instrumentation and software for astronomical observation and analysis.
Employment requirements
- Physicists usually require a master's or doctoral degree in a field of physics, engineering physics, or in a related discipline.
- Astronomers usually require a master's or doctoral degree in astronomy or in a related discipline.
Additional information
- Astronomers may specialize in fields such as astrophysics, observational or optical astronomy and radio astronomy.
- Mobility between specializations within physics and within astronomy is possible with experience.
- Mobility is possible to the fields of meteorology, geophysics and other fields of science.
- Physicists may specialize in fields such as aeronomy and space, acoustics, atomic and molecular physics, biophysics, condensed matter or solid state physics, electromagnetics, fluids and aerodynamics, health physics, medical physics, metrology, particle physics, optics and laser physics, nuclear physics and plasma physics.
- Physicists may work closely with and perform some of the duties of engineers.
- Progression to management positions is possible with experience.
Exclusions
- Architecture and science managers (20011)
- Computer engineers (except software engineers and designers) (21311)
- Geophysicist; physical oceanographer (in 21102 Geoscientists and oceanographers)