该小组履行以下部分或全部职责：

地球科学家

• 进行理论和应用研究，以扩展对地球表面和地下特征、地球历史以及控制其演化的物理、化学和生物系统运行的知识
• 计划、指导和参与地质、地球化学和地球物理实地研究、钻探和地质测试项目
• 规划和实施地震、大地测量、电磁、磁力、重力、辐射、雷达和其他遥感项目
• 规划、指导和参与分析地质、地球化学和地球物理调查数据、测井曲线和其他测试结果、地图、注释和剖面图
• 开发用于数据分析和解释的模型和应用软件
• 计划和进行岩心样本、钻屑和岩石样本的分析研究，以识别化学、矿物、碳氢化合物和生物成分，并评估沉积环境和地质时代
• 评估矿物矿体和碳氢化合物矿床的大小、方向和组成
• 识别建筑材料的沉积物并确定它们的特性和用作混凝土骨料、道路填料或其他应用的适用性
• 为区域发展进行地质和地球物理研究，并在选址、废物管理和受污染场地恢复等领域提供建议
• 推荐土地收购、勘探和测绘计划以及矿山开发
• 识别并就预期的自然风险提出建议，例如斜坡侵蚀、山体滑坡、土壤不稳定、沉降、地震和火山爆发
• 可以监督和协调钻井、完井和修井以及采矿活动。

海洋学家

• 进行理论和应用海洋学研究计划和探险，以扩展对海洋物理、化学和生物特性和功能的知识
• 计划、指导和参与海水、浮游生物、鱼类、沉积物和岩石的采样和分析
• 研究海洋的物理特性，以开发模型、图表和海洋条件的计算机模拟，例如潮汐、波浪、洋流和沉积物输送
• 探索海底和海底地质结构，进行地震勘测和研究海洋盆地和其他结构的形成，绘制海底、海岸侵蚀、沉积物堆积和海上油气勘探区域
• 规划和开展海洋化学性质和过程、海底和海洋大气以及海底火山的调查，以研究环境变化的影响
• 研究海洋生物及其与物理和化学环境的相互作用，以评估污染物对海洋生态的影响，并开发基于生态的海洋养殖方法。

• 地球科学家需要地质学、地球化学、地球物理学或相关学科的大学学位。
• 地球物理学家可能需要地球物理学、物理学、数学或工程学的硕士或博士学位。
• 就业通常需要在专业工程师、地质学家、地球物理学家或地球科学家的省或地区协会注册，并且必须在除爱德华王子岛和育空地区以外的所有省和地区执业。
• 地质学家和地球物理学家在从认可的教育课程毕业后，经过几年的监督工作经验，并且在某些省份通过专业实践考试后，才有资格注册。
• 海洋学家需要科学、数学、统计学或工程学的大学学位，并且通常需要海洋学的研究生学位。

• 凭借经验，有可能晋升到采矿、石油和其他行业的管理职位。
• 地球化学家可能专注于分析地球化学、水文地球化学、矿物或石油地球化学或其他领域。
• 地质学家可能专注于煤炭地质学、环境地质学、地质年代学、水文地质学、矿藏或采矿、石油地质学、地层学、构造学、火山学或其他领域。
• 地球物理学家可能专注于石油地质学、地球物理学、大地测量学、地球电磁学、地震学等领域或其他领域。
• 随着经验的增加，这个组的专业之间的流动性是可能的。
• 海洋学家可能专攻生物、化学、地质或物理海洋学，或与海洋研究相关的其他领域。
• 凭借本单元组的经验，有可能晋升到主管或更高级别的职位。

• 建筑和科学经理 ( 20011)
• 生物学家和相关科学家（21110）
• 化学家 ( 21101 )
• 地质工程师（21331）
• 自然资源生产和渔业经理（80010）
• 物理学家和天文学家 ( 21100)

This group performs some or all of the following duties:

Geoscientists

• Conduct theoretical and applied research to extend knowledge of surface and subsurface features of the earth, its history and the operation of physical, chemical and biological systems that control its evolution
• Plan, direct and participate in geological, geochemical and geophysical field studies, drilling and geological testing programs
• Plan and conduct seismic, geodetic, electromagnetic, magnetic, gravimetric, radiometric, radar and other remote sensing programs
• Plan, direct and participate in analyses of geological, geochemical and geophysical survey data, well logs and other test results, maps, notes and cross sections
• Develop models and applied software for the analysis and interpretation of data
• Plan and conduct analytical studies of core samples, drill cuttings and rock samples to identify chemical, mineral, hydrocarbon and biological composition and to assess depositional environments and geological age
• Assess the size, orientation and composition of mineral ore bodies and hydrocarbon deposits
• Identify deposits of construction materials and determine their characteristics and suitability for use as concrete aggregates, road fill or for other applications
• Conduct geological and geophysical studies for regional development and advise in areas such as site selection, waste management and restoration of contaminated sites
• Recommend the acquisition of lands, exploration and mapping programs and mine development
• Identify and advise on anticipated natural risks such as slope erosion, landslides, soil instability, subsidence, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
• May supervise and coordinate well drilling, completion and work-overs and mining activities.

Oceanographers

• Conduct theoretical and applied oceanographic research programs and expeditions to extend knowledge of the physical, chemical and biological properties and functioning of oceans
• Plan, direct and participate in sampling and analysis of seawater, plankton, fish, sediments and rocks
• Study physical properties of oceans to develop models, charts and computer simulations of ocean conditions, such as tides, waves, currents and sediment transport
• Explore ocean floor and submarine geological structures, conduct seismic surveys and study formation of ocean basins and other structures to map ocean floor, coastal erosion, sediment accumulation and areas for offshore oil and gas exploration
• Plan and conduct investigations on ocean chemical properties and processes, ocean floor and marine atmosphere and undersea volcanoes to study impacts of environmental changes
• Study marine life and interaction with physical and chemical environments to assess impacts of pollutants on marine ecology and to develop ecologically-based methods of seafarming.

• Geoscientists require a university degree in geology, geochemistry, geophysics or a related discipline.
• A master's or doctoral degree in geophysics, physics, mathematics or engineering may be required for employment as a geophysicist.
• Registration with a provincial or territorial association of professional engineers, geologists, geophysicists or geoscientists is usually required for employment and is mandatory to practice in all provinces and territories except Prince Edward Island and the Yukon.
• Geologists and geophysicists are eligible for registration following graduation from an accredited educational program and after several years of supervised work experience and, in some provinces, after passing a professional practice examination.
• Oceanographers require a university degree in science, mathematics, statistics or engineering and usually require a graduate degree in oceanography.

• Advancement to management positions in mining, petroleum and other industries is possible with experience.
• Geochemists may specialize in analytical geochemistry, hydrogeochemistry, mineral or petroleum geochemistry or in other fields.
• Geologists may specialize in fields such as coal geology, environmental geology, geochronology, hydrogeology, mineral deposits or mining, petroleum geology, stratigraphy, tectonics, volcanology or in other fields.
• Geophysicists may specialize in areas, such as petroleum geology, earth physics, geodesy, geoelectromagnetism, seismology or in other fields.
• Mobility between specializations in this group is possible with experience.
• Oceanographers may specialize in biological, chemical, geological or physical oceanography, or in other fields related to the study of oceans.
• Progression to supervisory or higher level positions is possible with experience in this unit group.

• Architecture and science managers (20011)
• Biologists and related scientists (21110)
• Chemists (21101)
• Geological engineers (21331)
• Managers in natural resources production and fishing (80010)
• Physicists and astronomers (21100)